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--- #As-salamu ʿalaykum, peace be upon you! Free Talmud PDF download is now available. Talmud is a compilation of rabbinical teachings and discussions on Jewish law, ethics, customs and history. It’s considered one of the most important texts of Judaism. The word "Talmud" means teaching and the text was written in Hebrew with some Aramaic passages. Its contents include: laws on family life (marriage and divorce), agricultural life (tithes and the sabbatical year), religious observances (circumcision; Shabbat; kosher food; festivals; impurity from corpses; menstruation). It appears that the statement "the Talmud is an authority on matters of Halakhah (Jewish Law)" is not only saying the Talmud is important, it's saying it's an authority. This article discusses the Orthodox Jewish views regarding the status of rabbinical literature in general and specifically with regards to halakha. According to Maimonides, who held that just as Torah precedes reason, so halakha precedes "Aggadah" or "prophetic teachings" in authority. He distinguished between full-fledged halakha, which are obligatory for all Jews at all times, and non-binding norms, which are set out by Chazal for local conditions or personal autonomy. According to Maimonides, the rabbis cannot change biblical laws without divine authorization. According to Orthodox Judaism, halakha is binding on every Jewish man and every Jewish woman in the entire world, with two exceptions. One exception is that any individual may choose to follow his or her conscience when it comes to matters of "local custom" that are not already set by halakha - for example, whether to have a one-day or two-day Yom Tov. The other exception is in cases where the accepted practices are patently immoral or unethical—for example, in matters of sexual immorality or accepting Christianity. (Orthodox Judaism does not accept patrilineal descent as a criterion for determining Jewish status, nor does it accept the Reform movement's view of the authority of the Talmud and other religious texts; rather, it holds that religious status is determined by matrilineal descent, and it regards Reform theology to be misguided. But these are not matters of what Orthodox Jews regard as binding halakha.) According to most Orthodox rabbis, in cases where there is no clear ruling in halakha, it is permissible for Jews to do whatever they believe obeys "the dictates of their conscience". On the other hand, according to most Orthodox rabbis, in cases where there is a clear halakhic ruling, it is not permissible for Jews to do whatever they believe that their conscience dictates; rather, they must follow the ruling of halakha even if it goes against their conscience. This view is referred to as "the primacy of conscience when certain" (Aramaic: "Tzkira D'chatima T'shuva") – when there is no clear guidance in halakha. It is important to note that in these two cases Orthodox Jews are permitted to act in accordance with their consciences, but not required. cfa1e77820
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